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CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSITS Certificate of deposits (CD) are issued by banks in the form of usance promissory notes. Due to their negotiable nature, these are also known as negotiable certificate of deposits (ncds) CD are issued by commercial banks and six financial institutions – IFCI, IDBI, ICICI, EXIM Bank, IIB, SIDBI etc. CALL/ NOTICE MONEY MARKET It is the most important market as far as the banking operations go. When money is borrowed or lent for a day it is know as call money and when it is borrowed for any day more than one to 14 days, it is called notice money market. COMMERCIAL BILLS Bills of exchange are negotiable instruments drawn by the seller (drawer) of the goods on the buyer (drawee) of the goods for the value of the goods delivered. These bills are called trade bills. COMMERCIAL PAPER (CP) Commercial Paper (CP) is an unsecured money market instrument issued in the form of a promissory note. CP was introduced in India in 1990 with a view to enabling highly rated corporate borrowers to diversify their sources of short-term borrowings and to provide an additional instrument to investors. TREASURY BILLS Treasury Bills (T-bills) are the most marketable money market. Their popularity is mainly due to their simplicity. T-bills are basically a way for the government to raise money from the public. T-bills are short-term securities that mature in one year or less from their issue date. T-bills are issued with 3 month, 6 month, and 1 year maturities. One buy T-bills for a price less than their par (face) value, and when they mature, the government pays him their par value. Effectively, investo money market A money market can be defined as a market for short-term money and financial assets that are near substitutes for money. The term short-term means generally a period up to 1 year. In this, short term financial assets can be turned over quickly at low cost. It provides a reasonable access to the users of short-term money to meet their requirements at realistic prices. Margins Margins Difference between circuit breakers and circuit filters: Circuit Breaker means trading is halted for a specified period in stocks or / and stock index futures, if the market price moves out of a pre-specified band. Circuit filters do not result in trading halt but no order is permitted if it falls out of the specified price range. Types of Orders: There are various types of orders, which can be placed on the exchanges: Clearing Clearing is the process of determination of obligations, after which the obligations are discharged by settlement. Delisting Delisting Listing Listing means admission of securities of an issuer to trading privileges on a stock exchange through a formal agreement. The prime objective of admission to dealings on the Exchange is to provide liquidity and marketability to securities, as also to provide a mechanism for effective management of trading. DERIVATIVES MARKET Derivatives are financial contracts whose value/price is dependent on the behavior of the price of one or more basic underlying assets (often simply known as the underlying). These contracts are legally binding agreements, made on the trading screen of stock exchanges, to buy or sell an asset in future. RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM A sound risk management system is integral to an efficient clearing and settlement system. The clearing corporation ensures that trading members’ obligation is commensurate with their net worth. It has put in place a comprehensive risk management system, which is constantly monitored and upgraded to pre-empt failures. It monitors the track record and performance of members and their net worth: undertakes on-line monitoring of members and automatically disables members if the limits are breached. THE AUCTION MARKET The securities are put up for auction by the Exchange on account of non-delivery of securities by the selling trading member to ensure that the buying trading member receives the securities due to him. The non-delivery by the trading member could arise on account of short delivery, bad deliveries not rectified and company objections not rectified by them. CLEARING AND SETTLEMENT CLEARING AND SETTLEMENT TRADING Rolling Settlement: In a Rolling Settlement trades executed during the day are settled based on the net obligations for the day. Presently the trades pertaining to the rolling settlement are settled on a T+2 day basis where T stands for the trade day. Hence, trades executed on a Monday are typically settled on the following Wednesday (considering 2 working days from the trade day). BROKER & SUB-BROKER BROKER & SUB-BROKER: Liquidity in the context of stock markets means a market where large orders can be executed without incurring a high transaction cost. The transaction cost referred here is not the fixed costs typically incurred like brokerage, transaction charges, depository charges etc. but is the cost attributable to lack of market liquidity as explained subsequently. Liquidity comes from the buyers and sellers in the market, who are constantly on the look out for buying and selling oppor NSE – NIFTY The National Stock Exchange (NSE), located in Bombay, is India's first debt market. It was set up in 1993 to encourage stock exchange reform through system modernization and competition. It opened for trading in mid-1994. It was recently accorded recognition as a stock exchange by the Department of Company Affairs. The instruments traded are, treasury bills, government security and bonds issued by public sector companies. THE BSE SENSEX Of the 22 stock exchanges in the country, Mumbai's (earlier known as Bombay), Bombay Stock Exchange is the largest, with over 6,000 stocks listed. The BSE accounts for over two thirds of the total trading volume in the country. Established in 1875, the exchange is also the oldest in Asia. Among the twenty-two Stock Exchanges recognized by the Government of India under the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956, it was the first one to be recognized and it is the only one that had the privil SECONDARY MARKET OPERATIONS IN INDIA Secondary market refers to a market where securities are traded after being initially offered to the public in the primary market and/or listed on the Stock Exchange. Majority of the trading is done in the secondary market. PROJECT SHAKTI SHAKTI - Changing Lives in Rural India Shakti is HLL's rural initiative, which targets small villages with population of less than 2000 people or less. It seeks to empower underprivileged rural women by providing income-generating opportunities, health and hygiene education through the Shakti Vani programme, and creating access to relevant information through the iShakti community portal. INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF FLORICULTURE The global floriculture trade is estimated at $ 50 billion. Presently more than 10 countries are engaged in floriculture. The acreage under various flower crops is increasing constantly. Developed countries account for more than 90 per cent of the total world trade in floriculture products. European countries take up the majority of the import. The economy of some countries — the Netherlands, Israel, Columbia — is dependent on the floriculture industry. EXPORT OF FLORICULTURE India is blessed with a diversity of agro-climatic conditions prevailing in the different regions in the country. A wide range of climatic conditions in the Indian sub-continent ensures that it is ideally suited to produce almost all the ornamental crops throughout the year. Cut flowers and ornamental plants play an important role in the floriculture industry. Crux of Financial Management Crux of Financial Management IPO FAQs IPO FAQs PAKISTANI MATH QUESTION PAPER PAKISTANI MATH QUESTION PAPER Bihar Driving License DRIVING LICENSE APPLIKASON PHOROM Same old story, but a better ending A Bihari hat-seller who was passing by a forest decided to take a nap under one of the trees, so he left his whole basket of hats by the side. A nice article-Must read An angry letter from a young lady made JRD Tata change his rule. There are two photographs that hang on my office wall. Everyday when I entered my office I look at them before starting my day. They are pictures of two old people. One is of a gentleman in a blue suit and the other is a black and white image of a man with dreamy eyes and a white beard. People have often asked me if the people in the photographs are related to me. 50 interview questions - with Answers very important Review these typical interview questions and think about how you would answer them. Read the questions listed; you will also find some strategy suggestions with it. Inspiring thoughts !!! Anger is a condition in which the tongue works faster than the mind. Word Trivia-Facts and oddities of the English language Word Trivia-Facts and oddities of the English language Risk in Banking Sector The significant transformation of the banking industry in India is clearly evident from the changes that have occurred in the financial markets, institutions and products. While deregulation has opened up new vistas for banks to argument revenues, it has entailed greater competition and consequently greater risks. VLCC - A Superbrand VLCC set out to create a service that would enable these people to craft their personality in sync with their aspirations. All about VLCC Starting as a single centre in New Delhi in 1989, VLCC is today India's leading chain of health, beauty and fitness centres. Over the period of time, the company has revolutionised the concepts of health and beauty, by consolidating them as one with its “Look Good, Feel Great” mantra. Indian Telecom Industry Since 1991, India has also carried out a substantial liberalization of trade in services. Traditionally, services sectors have been subject to heavy government intervention. Public sector presence has been conspicuous in the key sectors of insurance, banking, and telecommunications. Bata Shoes Buoyed by the upswing in the economy, footwear brands are chalking up ambitious plans for reaching out to a larger audience and claiming a larger share of the wallet. The air of buoyancy is visible: ad budgets are up, MNC brands like Reebok and Adidas have new television commercials on the air after a gap of almost four years and brand shops are flush with a fresh and upgraded product line-up. In terms of strategy, distribution appears to be a major focus area, with reaching out taking precedenc STRATEGY OF BATA INDIA COMPANY The Company’s management has evolved the strategy of the Company after considering the Company’s strengths and weaknesses. The Company believes that this strategy will enable the Company to build on the opportunities in the market. SWOT Analysis of Bata India Ltd. STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES, THREATS: Effect Of Changing Economic Environment On The Future of BPO Industry In INDIA The strengths that Indian industry has always displayed has been the existence of a significant skill base in the technology sector. There is existence of lower cost environment, the adoption of technologies and processes that are high in quality. It has also helped in creation of competition. These strengths, which have remained unchanged, have ensured a vibrant growth of the IT industry. Role of Monetary & Fiscal Policies in Economic Environment of Business Economic Reforms have yielded credible gains in the external and monetary sector since the early 1990s. Inflation has climbed down from a peak of 17 per cent in August, 1991 to about 5 per cent now. Section 44AB: Corporate Law AUDIT OF ACCOUNTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS CARRYING ON BUSINESS OR PROFESSION. Section 44AF: Corporate Law Special provisions for computing profits and gains of retail business. VISION VAMPIRING “Vision Vampiring is about looking into the best that future can ‘NOT’ offer and ensuring that the organization has a burning desire to vie for that seemingly most unbelievable & unachievable objective.” Mission Business mission statements can often be found in the front of the annual reports. They are also displayed thorough out a firm’s premises and distributed with company information sent to constituencies. Jokes Jokes Laloo Prasad appointment letter from Bill Gates Laloo Prasad sent his Bio Data - to apply for a post in Microsoft Corporation, USA. A conversation ! A conversation ! Life isn't fair to men. Life isn't fair to men. Nice poem Nice Poem Life..... A poem. (my last wish) Life..... A poem. (my last wish) Gurlzz Never Marry engineering n I .T guys !!!!!! Gurlzz Never Marry engineering n I .T guys !!!!!! Who works for India ?????? Who works for India ?????? Some PJs Some PJs Top 21 things an Indian does after returning from Abroad. Top 21 things an Indian does after returning from Abroad. A Joke.....! One Sardar was enjoying Sun on a Beach in America. A lady came and asked him, 'Are you relaxing' DO WE ALL HAVE INDIAN QUALITIES DO WE ALL HAVE INDIAN QUALITIES A Cup of Coffee.....!!! A Cup of Coffee.....!!! HOW TO KILL A LION HOW TO KILL A LION A son's letter to his dad A son's letter to his dad A different Love letter and a beautiful reply to it. A different Love letter and a beautiful reply to it. Often happens in life A Love Story A Love Story Funny Jokes Funny Jokes Lessons in Logic Lessons in Logic Inspiration Inspiration How To Be Happy In 18 steps: How To Be Happy In 18 steps: A Love story u will never forget Love begins with a smile, grows with a kiss and ends with a tear. What makes a person so rich? Some say money and some say health, but for me it is your friendship, that carries insurmountable wealth. STANDARD CHARTERED BANK: HIV STANDARD CHARTERED BANK: HIV Living with HIV (203) - Educate every Standard Chartered employee by World AIDs Day, 1 December 2003 PROJECT SHAKTI: HLL SHAKTI - Changing Lives in Rural India Shakti is HLL's rural initiative, which targets small villages with population of less than 2000 people or less. It seeks to empower underprivileged rural women by providing income-generating opportunities, health and hygiene education through the Shakti Vani programme, and creating access to relevant information through the iShakti community portal. THE USP OF ICICI BANK THE USP OF ICICI BANK CARE INDIA (CASHE PROJECT) CARE INDIA (CASHE PROJECT) GRAMEEN BANK OF USA GRAMEEN BANK OF USA FACTS ABOUT ICICI BANK MICRO FINANCE ICICI Bank's Executive Director, Dr Nachiket Mor is of the view - “There is no altruism, it is all business and driven by the need to find new markets." THE SHIFT IN THE PARADIGM THE SHIFT IN THE PARADIGM Micro-Credit 'Digital Divide' can only get worse if no social interventions are made…Digital divide will more and more mean knowledge divide, skill divide and, of course, opportunity divide…Microcredit and IT both have a common capacity - capacity to empower the poor" Tell people you care about them before its too late Tell people you care about them before its too late Check this......... Its very funny This is to provide some comic relief........You just can't stop laughing for every single sentence in the letter below. People come into your life for a Reason, a Season, or a Lifetime. People come into your life for a Reason, a Season, or a Lifetime. When you know which one it is for a person, you will know what to do for that person. Cool ways to insult someone.....!!! Cool ways to insult someone.....!!! Doubt in Mahabharat!! Doubt in Mahabharat!! SWOT Analysis of BPO Industry SWOT Analysis of BPO Industry THE RATE OF ATTRITION IN BPO INDUSTRY Why should an industry bringing in investments, foreign exchange, jobs, technologies and skills be bad news? With thousands working in the BPO industry in the country and the number only going up, the effect on the country is more than what meets the eye. A little boy....... A little boy wanted Rs.50 very badly and prayed for weeks, but nothing happened. Finally he decided to write God a letter requesting the Rs.50. ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK International Finance Corporation Established in 1956, IFC is the largest multilateral source of loan and equity financing for private sector projects in the developing world. How to Keep a Woman Happy? How to Keep a Woman Happy? Fedex and Information System Frenetic city of 9,000 people comes alive every night within Memphis while most of the country sleeps. It's called the FedEx SuperHub, and it's where more than 1 million packages are flown in, sorted, and flown out for delivery the next morning. Don't Mess With Ladies A lady gets pulled over for speeding her car... Is Motivation all about MONEY??? Motivation is an individual needs, desires and concepts that cause an individual to act in a particular manner. It is concerned with why people choose a particular course of action in preference to others & why they continue with a chosen action, often over a long time and in the face of difficulties & problems. The underlying concept of motivation is that it is some DRIVING FORCE within an individual by which he attempts to achieve some goals in order to fulfil some needs or expectation. IDENTITY CRISIS IDENTITY CRISIS: For most Indian consumers, Godrej Consumer Products (GCP) Cinthol is a bulky, brick-shaped green soap in a generic, white & red packaging, best known for its distinct fragrance and value-for-money association. For younger consumers, however, Cinthol has, at various points in time, denoted a lime soap, a cologne soap, a spice soap, an international soap, a fresh soap, an orange soap, a skin soap, and even a deo soap. Some of the Best Moments in Life: Some of the Best Moments in Life: this is how you should treat your girlfriend !!! this is how you should treat your girlfriend Horizontal & Vertical Integration of HONDA What benefit to Honda might result from integrating its operations both horizontally and vertically? What ur name means......... check it out !! What ur name means......... check it out !! Marketing Mix Land Rover has identified those customers whose needs it can best satisfy and from whom it can make the most profit. Market segmentation is the process of splitting a market into groups of customers with similar needs. The market segments had been assessed keeping in mind the terms of market potential, competition, customer profiles, and Land rover’s capability in serving the needs. Land rover has also developed marketing mix strategies i.e., product, place, price, promotion. Marketing mix is th Reasons for the variations in income elasticity Reasons for the variations in income elasticity Reasons for variations in price elasticity Reasons for variations in price elasticity Elasticity of Demand: Methods of measurement Elasticity of demand is a device to measure the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to changes in any factor that may influence the demand for a commodity. TYPES OF COOPERATION/COLLABORATION BETWEEN FIRMS TYPES OF COOPERATION/COLLABORATION BETWEEN FIRMS
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