| 5641 Views | All about VLCC By : Reema
Starting as a single centre in New Delhi in 1989, VLCC is today India's leading chain of health, beauty and fitness centres. Over the period of time, the company has revolutionised the concepts of health and beauty, by consolidating them as one with its “Look Good, Feel Great” mantra. |
| 1617 Views | Interesting facts about Japan By : sainil
Interesting facts about Japan
Learn some interesting facts about Japan by reading this informative article! |
| 1610 Views | motivation, diffrent theories of motivation, By : azim khan
when any orginization and indiviuals moral down then motivation helps to increase developed a task and mission |
| 976 Views | Blue Ray Disk By : Blue Ray disk
© Blu-ray Disc Founders, August 2004
The contents in this White Paper may be modified at the discretion of Format owners.
White paper
Blu-ray Disc Format
General
August 2004
1/37
© Blu-ray Disc Founders, August 2004
The contents in this White Paper may be modified at the discretion of Format owners.
TEG1Part1e040823.doc
INDEX
1. General
1.1 The objective of Blu-ray
1.2 Optimization of the cover layer thickness
1.3 Blu-ray Format
1.3.1 Physical Format
1.3.2 Outline of the file system application format
1.3.2.1 Application Format
1.3.2.2 File System Format
1.3.3 Principal BD Specifications
1.4 Dual Layer
1.5 Contents Protection System and Interface
1.6 Hard-Coating for Bare Discs
1.7 Blu-ray Discs and Cartridges
1.8 Roadmap of the Blu-ray Disc Standard
2/37
© Blu-ray Disc Founders, August 2004
The contents in this White Paper may be modified at the discretion of Format owners.
TEG1Part1e040823.doc
1.1 The Objective of Blu-ray
The standards for 12-cm optical discs, CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray rewritable discs (BD-RE Standard) were
established in 1982, 1996, and 2002, respectively. The recording capacity required by applications was
the important issue when these standards were decided (See Fig.1.1.1). The requirement for CDs was 74
minutes of recording 2-channel audio signals and a capacity of about 800 MB. For DVDs, the requirement
as a video disc was the recording of a movie with a length of two hours and fifteen minutes using the SD
(Standard Definition) with MPEG-2 compression. The capacity was determined to be 4.7 GB considering
the balance with image quality. In the case of the Blu-ray *1) Disc, abbreviated as BD hereafter, a
recording of an HDTV digital broadcast greater than two hours is needed since the BS digital broadcast
started in 2000 and terrestrial digital broadcast has begun in 2003. It was a big motivation for us to
realize the recorder using the optical disc. In a DVD recorder, received and decoded video signals are
compressed by an MPEG encoder and then recorded on the disc. To record in the same fashion for an
HDTV broadcast, an HDTV MPEG-2 encoder is required. However, such a device for home use has not yet
been produced. In the case of BS digital broadcasts, signals are sent as a program stream at a fixed rate,
which is 24 Mbps for one HDTV program. In the program stream of BS digital broadcast there is a case
that the additional data stream is multiplexed, and it is desirable to record and read the data as is.
Fig.1.1.2 shows the recording capacity with the data transfer rate and recording time parameters. Two
hours of recording requires a recording capacity of 22 GB or more. This capacity is about 5 times that of
DVDs, which cannot achieve this capacity by merely increasing their recording density.
Red laser
High Capacity
25 GB
1.2mm CD
DVD
BD
22 GB is necessary to record BS
digital broadcasting.
780 MB was needed to record 2ch PCM
audio for 74 minutes.
Infrared laser
Blue laser |
| 816 Views | Funny Equations By : VD
It reflects humours funny equations, but true..... |
| 776 Views | Bata Shoes By : Reema
Buoyed by the upswing in the economy, footwear brands are chalking up ambitious plans for reaching out to a larger audience and claiming a larger share of the wallet. The air of buoyancy is visible: ad budgets are up, MNC brands like Reebok and Adidas have new television commercials on the air after a gap of almost four years and brand shops are flush with a fresh and upgraded product line-up. In terms of strategy, distribution appears to be a major focus area, with reaching out taking precedenc |
| 633 Views | TOP 120 COLEGES IN USA By : sainil
TOP 120 COLEGES IN USA |
| 613 Views | How To Make A Girl Fall In Love With You By : sainil
How To Make A Girl Fall In Love With You |
| 585 Views | Consequences of Russian revolution By : Ragini Sinha
russian revolution |
| 571 Views | Flight to Israel By : Ron Bazel
Israel is known as a well connected country with the world, through many flights flying over it. The state has 2 intercontinental airports facilitating within the landing of many international airlines. Almost all the flights connect to this nation. Apart from the key intercontinental airports there are several domestic ones to facilitate in the carrying within the country. |
| 540 Views | Five Great Drinks for Summer Entertaining By : Daniel Z. Kane
Perhaps because I spend much of my day at a computer, I recently turned to the internet in search of delicious but not too difficult to make warm weather drinks for guests. In just over an hour I found dozens of great sounding libations, none of which I'd ever tasted. |
| 519 Views | Laptop Truck Desks Improve Customer Satisfaction By : Merv Carlson
Laptop truck desks allow the mobile professional to instantly have access to client files right on the commute back and forth to the office, or on the job site. More and more professionals are having to commute and or are working from a home office a large percentage of the time, we have all experienced this scenario - an important client calls, they have sent some files to your email and would like an answer quickly, in most cases, you have to delay as the commute could be an hour. |
| 422 Views | SiGnS Of fLirtInG By : umer
1 She makes eye contact and smiles at you. *
2. She hits you softly on the arm and laughs when you say something funny. *
.............................. |
| 420 Views | How to Cook Pumpkin Seeds - Recipe By : Indian
If you’re roasting pumpkin for pie or other recipes, you’ll be dealing with a lot of seeds. And they're so good--and good for you--that we don't want them to go to waste. |
| 414 Views | PhpBB - A user Guide By : Jamie Pennington
This article discusses the benefits of phpBB, a popular online discussion boards software package. It also goes into details regarding the various cheap web hosting solutions for phpBB. |
| 396 Views | Cleaning Up Old Programs Using Add/Remove By : Thomas Haddelin
Computers tend to fill up with various software we try. A lot of the times we don't remove the ones we don't use which uses up resources on your computer. |
| 369 Views | What is in a Name? By : Khurshid Anand
Redefining the concept. |
| 362 Views | SMILE By : Jyothi
SMILE PLEASE - It looks good |
| 349 Views | Top 20 Romantic Movies&Songs By : sainil
Top 20 Romantic Movies&Songs |
| 348 Views | Poverty eradication in India By : nageswara rao
The articles gives scientific approach for poverty eradication in India. The actions to be taken by Government are listed in this article. |
| 344 Views | Microsoft Windows XP SPECIAL METHODS TO SPEED UP UR PC -1 By : sainil
Microsoft Windows XP, SPECIAL METHODS TO SPEED UP UR PC |
| 337 Views | sony ericson k750 By : umer
review |
| 336 Views | Difference between Router n Switch By : umer
Difference between Router n Switch |
| 329 Views | Horizontal & Vertical Integration of HONDA By : Reema
What benefit to Honda might result from integrating its operations both horizontally and vertically? |
| 325 Views | Dare To Stop Childhood Obesity By : Zuez Lacota
Obesity is now obviously one of the major health problems that children the world over have to grapple with. As a matter of extreme urgency, a lot more should be done regarding the problem of child obesity. |
| 324 Views | American wedding customs By : sainil
American wedding customs
Customs and superstitions surrounding weddings, those that have survived countless generations up to the modern day, and a few for after the wedding |
| 323 Views | Happy New Year SMS By : sainil
Happy New Year SMS |
| 323 Views | Life is beautiful.pps" virus By : sainil
Life is beautiful.pps" virus |
| 317 Views | Turtle Doves. By : sinceredesire
Turtle Doves. |
| 309 Views | A Very interesting Article By : sainil
A Very interesting Article |
| 301 Views | 12 Signs of Falling In Love Message: By : sainil
12 Signs of Falling In Love Message: |
| 301 Views | Getting Your Ex Back By : Erik J. Michaels
Winning back your ex isn't going to be easy...it's going to take a lot of will, determination, and willingness to change yourself. It's not going to be as simple as striking up a relationship with somebody you've only recently met somewhere...you're dealing with somebody who knows you intimately, and has probably dealt with all your "tricks" before. Obviously, this makes it really quite challenging. If it's worth it to you, go for it, but don't fool yourself into thinking that it's going to be a walk in the park. |
| 300 Views | Hot Gay Men By : e-fry
Have you ever met someone that you kicked it with online but once you met face to face, you find you're not attracted to them physically? Am I a shallow gay man for wanting a hot guy? |
| 300 Views | Portfolio Management By : nageswara rao
This article talks about how to maximise profit from stock market |
| 288 Views | SWOT Analysis of Bata India Ltd. By : Reema
STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES, THREATS: |
| 284 Views | The Cash Code Overview - Review of Michael Jones's Product
By The Cash Code1 By : Raymond Pitt
The a lot anticipated training program "The Cash Code" is lastly scheduled to be released soon by Michael Jones. If you have been doing internet advertising actively for some time, maybe you've got heard of his name. However when you've got not, it is okay! It isn't essential whether you already know the author or not, the extra important question to ask is... does his product provide high quality information? Or is this one other over hyped web advertising product?
Let's me just spill the beans here and let you know exactly what you are getting in The Cash Code...
This training course is divided into three essential modules: |
| 283 Views | 6000 Yr Old Remedy By : e-fry
6000 Yr Old Remedy:- http://aloeheal.100free.com
Is there any body you know who is suffering from any chronic diseases for a long time still struggling......don't wait read this 6000 yr old remedy.....you may blessed by God...
Billions of patients are getting healed from their chronic diseases with the help of aloe's miracle...try for your loved ones |
| 283 Views | 10 Things To Remember When Traveling By Airplane By : Auckland Semper Jr
Traveling by airplane in this day and age can pose certain challenges. Follows are 10 tips to make dealing with airport security less taxing on the nerves. |
| 281 Views | Eat Asian Food With Delicious Asian Meals Recipes By : Luveena Lee Cooking
Are you searching for Asian food recipes? Stumped? Are you simply not sure the place to look? There are a lot of sources for recipes out there, and even looking for different ethnic meals recipes is not all that difficult. Between the internet, guide stores, libraries and even phrase of mouth- it is simply not that troublesome to find no matter sort of recipe you're looking out for. |
| 281 Views | The Top 5 Important Objects for Serving Dwelling Made Asian Meals By : Raymond Pitt
When times are tough, typically the first thing to go is consuming out - it´s hard to justify the additional prices paid for restaurant meals when the price range is tight. But you don´t have to surrender your favorite Asian food. Be taught to prepare dinner Asian meals at dwelling and you may persist with your budget.
The key to success in home type Asian cooking is to have the precise equipment. It'll mean spending some extra cash at first, however good utensils last for years, and you can all the time trim the associated fee by shopping at charity retailers, where you possibly can often decide up used items or pennies, or at your nearest Chinatown, the place bargains are away of life.
Listed below are the five most essential items you need for serving up scrumptious home cooked Asian meals: |
| 279 Views | Who is the Most Sexy Girl? By : Khurshid Anand
Find out the identification of most sexy girl. |
| 275 Views | Here's 1 Proven Program To Lose 2 Pounds Of Fat Per Week By : Zuez Lacota..
Your dissatisfaction with your present weight and the suspicion that you might have been piling up weight over the years is understandable, but you should also be aware that this problem is not peculiar to you. The reality is many people across the nation and all over the world are struggling with weight problems. People who adopt a lethargic attitude to exercise and feed on improper diet have been identified to be more prone to this problem; these individuals simply don't eat well and workout regularly. |
| 273 Views | TIPS FOR FAIR SKIN By : sainil
TIPS FOR FAIR SKIN |
| 273 Views | What Is Your Marriage-Sign!!! By : simi
Curiosity over north indian's life style, etc etc.. |
| 272 Views | Venerx is Women's Revolution By : Mike Silverstone
Venerx aims at providing women's body with the care and nourishment essential to return sensation and spirit which are the fundamental component of sexual health. |
| 269 Views | Recovery After A Hysterectomy By : sinceredesire
Hysterectomy recovery after a hysterectomy is a crucial time in a woman's life. Recovery after a hysterectomy means a woman needs some time to adjust, to heal and to complete her hysterectomy recovery process. Here are some tips for speeding up the recovery time: |
| 269 Views | Finding Pet Meds Info Online Can Be Very Simple By : Mr. Miyagi..
The one thing that pet owners everywhere need on a regular basis is medication for their pets. Over time buying pet meds can become rather expensive and may even catch you unprepared at times. Since there is always a need for some type of pet medication, would you like to have a way to save a little money on your pet meds? There is a way for you to save on many of the medication you need for your beloved pet. |
| 268 Views | 221 Microsoft Toggle Keys By : sainil
221 Microsoft Toggle Keys |
| 267 Views | Properties of magnet By : Ragini Sinha
all about magnet |
| 267 Views | Learn how to skateboard By : sainil
Learn how to skateboard
Learn how to skateboard and do some bad ass tricks. |